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KMID : 0352720180420030389
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Journal of Ginseng Research
2018 Volume.42 No. 3 p.389 ~ p.399
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Antimelanogenesis and skin-protective activities of Panax ginseng calyx ethanol extract
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Lee Jeong-Ook
Kim Eun-Ji
Kim Ji-Hye
Hong Yo-Han
Kim Han-Gyung
Jeong Deok
Kim Jue-Won
Kim Su-Hwan
Park Chan-Woong
Seo Dae-Bang
Son Young-Jin
Han Sang-Yun
Cho Jae-Youl
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Abstract
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Background: The antioxidant effects of Panax ginseng have been reported in several articles; however, little is known about the antimelanogenesis effect, skin-protective effect, and cellular mechanism of Panax ginseng, especially of P. ginseng calyx. To understand how an ethanol extract of P. ginseng berry calyx (Pg-C-EE) exerts skin-protective effects, we studied its activities in activated melanocytes and reactive oxygen species (ROS)?induced keratinocytes.
Methods: To confirm the antimelanogenesis effect of Pg-C-EE, we analyzed melanin synthesis and secretion and messenger RNA and protein expression levels of related genes. Ultraviolet B (UVB) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were used to induce cell damage by ROS generation. To examine whether this damage is inhibited by Pg-C-EE, we performed cell viability assays and gene expression and transcriptional activation analyses.
Results: Pg-C-EE inhibited melanin synthesis and secretion by blocking activator protein 1 regulatory enzymes such as p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), and cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element?binding protein. Pg-C-EE also suppressed ROS generation induced by H2O2 and UVB. Treatment with Pg-C-EE decreased the expression of matrix metalloproteinases, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and hyaluronidases and increased the cell survival rate.
Conclusion: These results suggest that Pg-C-EE may have antimelanogenesis properties and skin-protective properties through regulation of activator protein 1 and cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element?binding protein signaling. Pg-C-EE may be used as a skin-improving agent, with moisture retention and whitening effects.
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KEYWORD
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Antimelanogenesis, Calyx of berry, Matrix metalloproteinases, Panax ginseng, Skin protective
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